Risk/Benefit Analysis of Preventive Surgery Trials

Randomised placebo-controlled trials of surgery: ethical analysis and guidelines

Use of a placebo control in surgical trials is a divisive issue. We argue that, in principle, placebo controls for surgery are necessary in the same way as for medicine. However, there are important differences between these types of trial, which both increase justification and limit application of surgical studies. We propose that surgical randomised placebo-controlled trials are ethical if ce...

[Meta-analysis of surgery trials in refractory epilepsy].

OBJECTIVE To examine the evidence for efficacy of surgery in the treatment of intractable epilepsy. METHOD Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. RESULTS One randomized clinical trial (n=80) and 3 observational studies are available. INTERPRETATION Compared to medical treatment, the surgery increases the proportion of patients who were free of seizure impairing awareness at 1 year (...

Critical review of sham surgery clinical trials: Confounding factors analysis

OBJECTIVE Sham surgery (placebo surgery) is an intervention that omits the step thought to be therapeutically necessary. In surgical clinical trials, sham surgery serves an analogous purpose to placebo drugs, neutralizing biases such as the placebo effect. A critical review was performed to study the statistical relevance of the clinical trials about sham surgery in the light of potential confo...

woman-defined identity: analysis of selected poems of adrienne rich

the current thesis is composed in five chapters in the following fashion: chapter two encompasses the applied framework of the project in details; the methodology of carl gustav jung to explain the process of individuation, the major archetypes and their attributes and his techniques to assess the mind’s strata are all explained. moreover, the austrian psychoanalysts, heinz kohut’s models of a...

The preventive effect of atorvastatin on atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials